Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements Prenatal as A Preventive Measure of Low-Birth Weight and Decrease of Cognitive Function in Infant
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Published:
Feb 23, 2021
Keywords:
Brain Growth, Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement, Low Birth Weight, Stunting
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Stunting in Indonesia is still high. One of the risk factors is the incidence of low birth weight in infants. If not addressed, the quality of human resources in Indonesia will be low. Thus, giving Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements (LNS), which has been carried out by several countries in order to optimize low birth weight and infant cognitive, needs to be researched. This study aims to collect and analyze articles related to the effect of LNS in pregnant women on birth weight and cognitive power in infants.
Methods: The design used is a literature review, articles were collected using the Google search engine through several data sources such as Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, Ministry of Health, and BPS RI. The criteria for the articles used are research journals with the Randomized Controlled Trial and Systematic Review methods published in 2015 - 2020.
Discussion: Based on the articles, the results show that LNS given to pregnant women can increase body mass and increase brain volume in infants. This is caused by the Brain Specific Fatty Acid which includes docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) which support tissue formation, immunity, and neurodevelopment.
Conclusion: Giving LNS to areas where the prevalence of stunting is still high can be a solution to the problem of stunting in these areas. The suggestion from this research is to create an LNS program, especially in areas where the prevalence of stunting is still high.
Article Details
How to Cite
Satyagraha, M., Ulum, R., & Fadhilah, F. (2021). Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements Prenatal as A Preventive Measure of Low-Birth Weight and Decrease of Cognitive Function in Infant. JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia, 8(3), 128-136. https://doi.org/10.53366/jimki.v8i3.242
Section
Article Review
References
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21. McNamara RK, Vannest JJ, Valentine CJ. Role of perinatal long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in cortical circuit maturation: Mechanisms and implications for psychopathology. World J psychiatry. 2015 Mar;5(1):15–34.
22. Rahmawaty S, Meyer B. Stunting is a recognised problem: evidence for the potential benefits of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutrition. 2019 Jul;110564.
23. Forsyth S, Gautier S, Salem N. The importance of dietary DHA and ARA in early life: a public health perspective. Proc Nutr Soc. 2017 Nov;76(4):568–73.
24. Koletzko B, Carlson SE, van Goudoever JB. Should Infant Formula Provide Both Omega-3 DHA and Omega-6 Arachidonic Acid? Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(2–3):137–8.
25. Hadley KB, Ryan AS, Forsyth S, Gautier S, Salem Jr N. The Essentiality of Arachidonic Acid in Infant Development. Nutrients. 2016 Apr;8(4):216.
26. Pietschnig J, Penke L, Wicherts JM, Zeiler M, Voracek M. Meta-analysis of associations between human brain volume and intelligence differences: How strong are they and what do they mean? Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2015 Oct 1 [cited 2020 Jan 27];57:411–32. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014976341500250X?via%3Dihub
2. de Onis M, Borghi E, Arimond M, Webb P, Croft T, Saha K, et al. Prevalence thresholds for wasting, overweight and stunting in children under 5 years. Public Health Nutr. 2019 Jan;22(1):175–9.
3. Programme UND. Human Development Reports. 2019.
4. Lingga MA. Bappenas: Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Indonesia Masih Menengah... Kompas.com. 2019 Jul;
5. Onis EBEDM de. Levels and trends in child malnutrition UNICEF / WHO / World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Key findings of the 2019 edition. Geneva; 2019.
6. Zembe-Mkabile W, Ramokolo V, Sanders D, Jackson D, Doherty T. The dynamic relationship between cash transfers and child health: can the child support grant in South Africa make a difference to child nutrition? Public Health Nutr. 2015/06/08. 2016 Feb;19(2):356–62.
7. Muhoozi GKM, Atukunda P, Diep LM, Mwadime R, Kaaya AN, Skaare AB, et al. Nutrition, hygiene, and stimulation education to improve growth, cognitive, language, and motor development among infants in Uganda: A cluster-randomized trial. Matern Child Nutr. 2018 Apr;14(2):e12527.
8. Gaur S, Sloffer EM, Ojha A, Patra F, Shukla D, Engeseth NJ, et al. Omega-3-Fortified Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplement: Development, Characterization, and Consumer Acceptability. Food Nutr Bull [Internet]. 2017 Mar 30;38(2):158–71. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572117701234
9. Gera T, Pena-Rosas JP, Boy-Mena E, Sachdev HS. Lipid based nutrient supplements (LNS) for treatment of children (6 months to 59 months) with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM): A systematic review. PLoS One. 2017 Sep;12(9):e0182096.
10. Badan Pusat Statistik. Produksi Ikan Cakalang Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, 2015-2016. Jakarta; 2016.
11. Ogundipe E, Tusor N, Wang Y, Johnson MR, Edwards AD, Crawford MA. Randomized controlled trial of brain specific fatty acid supplementation in pregnant women increases brain volumes on MRI scans of their newborn infants. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018 Nov;138:6–13.
12. Oaks BM, Young RR, Adu-Afarwuah S, Ashorn U, Jackson KH, Lartey A, et al. Effects of a lipid-based nutrient supplement during pregnancy and lactation on maternal plasma fatty acid status and lipid profile: Results of two randomized controlled trials. Prostaglandins, Leukot Essent Fat Acids [Internet]. 2017 Feb 1 [cited 2020 Jan 27];117:28–35. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327816301582
13. Devlin AM, Chau CMY, Dyer R, Matheson J, McCarthy D, Yurko-Mauro K, et al. Developmental Outcomes at 24 Months of Age in Toddlers Supplemented with Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid: Results of a Double Blind Randomized, Controlled Trial. Nutrients [Internet]. 2017 Sep 6;9(9):975. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28878181
14. Ostadrahimi A, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Heidarabady S, Farshbaf-Khalili A. The effect of perinatal fish oil supplementation on neurodevelopment and growth of infants: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr [Internet]. 2017/07/27. 2018 Oct;57(7):2387–97. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28752418
15. Adu-Afarwuah S, Lartey A, Okronipa H, Ashorn P, Zeilani M, Peerson JM, et al. Lipid-based nutrient supplement increases the birth size of infants of primiparous women in Ghana. Am J Clin Nutr [Internet]. 2015 Feb 11;101(4):835–46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.091546
16. Botham KMPAM. Lipids of Physiologic Significance. In: Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry A LANGE medical book T h i r t i e t h E d i t i o n. 30th ed. New York; 2015. p. 212.
17. Case P. Nutrition Through the Life Cycle. Vol. 48, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. Elsevier; 2016. 84.e1.
18. Kim E Barret, Susan M Barman, Heddwen L Brooks JXJY. Gastrointestinal Physiology. In: Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology Edition 26. 26th ed. New York; 2019. p. 476.
19. Li G, Chen H, Zhang W, Tong Q, Yan Y. Effects of maternal omega-3 fatty acids supplementation during pregnancy/lactation on body composition of the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr [Internet]. 2018 Oct 1;37(5):1462–73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.002
20. Das JK, Hoodbhoy Z, Salam RA, Bhutta AZ, Valenzuela-Rubio NG, Weise Prinzo Z, et al. Lipid-based nutrient supplements for maternal, birth, and infant developmental outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2018 Aug 31 [cited 2020 Jan 27];(8). Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD012610.pub2
21. McNamara RK, Vannest JJ, Valentine CJ. Role of perinatal long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in cortical circuit maturation: Mechanisms and implications for psychopathology. World J psychiatry. 2015 Mar;5(1):15–34.
22. Rahmawaty S, Meyer B. Stunting is a recognised problem: evidence for the potential benefits of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutrition. 2019 Jul;110564.
23. Forsyth S, Gautier S, Salem N. The importance of dietary DHA and ARA in early life: a public health perspective. Proc Nutr Soc. 2017 Nov;76(4):568–73.
24. Koletzko B, Carlson SE, van Goudoever JB. Should Infant Formula Provide Both Omega-3 DHA and Omega-6 Arachidonic Acid? Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(2–3):137–8.
25. Hadley KB, Ryan AS, Forsyth S, Gautier S, Salem Jr N. The Essentiality of Arachidonic Acid in Infant Development. Nutrients. 2016 Apr;8(4):216.
26. Pietschnig J, Penke L, Wicherts JM, Zeiler M, Voracek M. Meta-analysis of associations between human brain volume and intelligence differences: How strong are they and what do they mean? Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2015 Oct 1 [cited 2020 Jan 27];57:411–32. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014976341500250X?via%3Dihub