Deteksi Dini Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis dengan Metode CaptureTM: Potensi Skrining Rutin di Layanan Kesehatan Primer
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Abstract
Pendahuluan: Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) adalah salah satu dari sepuluh besar penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia. Prevalensi dan angka kematian akibat PPOK yang tinggi menunjukkan pentingnya deteksi dan tatalaksana dini PPOK. Gold standard diagnosis PPOK adalah spirometri. Namun, penggunaan spirometri untuk tes skrining rutin tidak dianjurkan dan sulit dilakukan di layanan kesehatan primer. Maka dari itu, diperlukan metode skrining yang lebih efektif dan sederhana.
Pembahasan: Metode CAPTURETM menggunakan lima pertanyaan sederhana untuk menilai adanya paparan, gangguan napas, rasa mudah lelah, dan penyakit pernapasan akut selama 12 bulan terakhir. Berdasarkan skor kuesioner tersebut, dapat ditentukan apakah perlu pemeriksaan lanjutan yang diperlukan berupa peak flow meter dan/atau spirometri. Dengan demikian, deteksi dini pasien PPOK simtomatik dan/atau berisiko eksaserbasi akut dapat dilakukan dengan lebih efektif.
Kesimpulan: Metode CAPTURETM memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai tes skrining rutin PPOK yang efektif di layanan kesehatan primer.
Kata Kunci: layanan kesehatan primer, metode CAPTURE, PPOK, tes skrining rutin.
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References
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