Pemanfaatan Eritropoietin sebagai Neuroprotektan Terhadap Kerusakan Sistem Saraf Pusat Neonatus Akibat Infeksi Varisela Kongenital
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Abstract
Varisela merupakan manifestasi dari infeksi virus Varicella zoster primer yang dapat menginfeksi seluruh usia terutama pada anak-anak dan ibu hamil. Infeksi virus Varicella zoster pada ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan sindrom varisela kongenital. Data epidemiologi infeksi virus Varicella zoster kongenital belum terdokumentasi dengan baik bahkan di negara maju. Dampak utama dari sindrom varisela kongenital adalah kerusakan sistem saraf pusat pada bayi. Terapi konvensional yang ada belum dapat mencegah munculnya sindrom varisela kongenital pada bayi. Eritropoietin (EPO) merupakan sitokin dengan fungsi utama untuk memicu terjadinya proses eritropoiesis. Eritropoietin dan reseptornya juga dapat ditemukan di sistem saraf pusat. Eritropoietin berpotensi sebagai neuroprotektor melalui efek antiapoptotik, sekresi berbagai faktor pertumbuhan, stimulasi terhadap proliferasi neuron, serta dapat meningkatkan fungsi sistem saraf pusat. Eritropoietin dapat menembus sawar darah otak (Blood Brain Barrier) sehingga dapat memasuki dan memberikan efek di sistem saraf pusat. Eritropoietin (EPO) berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai konsep mutakhir perlindungan kerusakan sistem saraf pusat akibat infeksi varisela kongenital.
Kata Kunci: Eritropoietin (EPO), Infeksi, Neonatus, Varicella zoster, Sindroma Varisela Kongenital
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References
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